TUXTLAN TOAD Bufo cavifrons – Firschein 1950

IDENTIFICATION:

DISTRIBUTION: Bufo cavifrons is endemic to the isolated Sierra de los Tuxtlas region (including Volcan Santa Marta) of Veracruz, Mexico. Here, it occurs at elevations of 75-1600m.

HABITAT: Rain Forest Habitat, 295′, Sierra de los Tuxtlas, Veracruz, Mexico Oviposition Site, 320′, Sierra de los Tuxtlas, Veracruz, Mexico

NATURAL HISTORY: Bufo cavifrons is a [...]]]>
Metamorph, 295′, Veracruz, Mexico

Venter

TUXTLAN TOAD
Bufo cavifrons – Firschein 1950

IDENTIFICATION:

DISTRIBUTION:
Bufo cavifrons is endemic to the isolated Sierra de los Tuxtlas region (including Volcan Santa Marta) of Veracruz, Mexico. Here, it occurs at elevations of 75-1600m.

HABITAT:

Rain Forest Habitat, 295′, Sierra de los Tuxtlas, Veracruz, Mexico

Oviposition Site, 320′, Sierra de los Tuxtlas, Veracruz, Mexico

NATURAL HISTORY:
Bufo cavifrons is a stream-breeding, forest dwelling species that does not generally thrive where native forest has been cleared. It generally occurs in Tropical Rainforest and Tropical Deciduous Forest environments. Breeding takes place mainly in the dry season but may occur to some degree year-round.

TAXONOMY:
In the Bufo valliceps group of Martin (1972).

TYPE:
Described as Bufo cavifrons by Firschein (1950). Holotype: UIMNH 8741. Type locality: “500 feet below peak of Volcán San Martín, San Andrés Tuxtla, Veracruz, Mexico”.

PERSONAL NOTES:
In late June, 2005 I encountered a large number of recently metamorphosed Bufo cavifrons along a stream adjacent to the UNAM Biological Research Station in the Sierra de los Tuxtlas, Veracruz. They were abundant along the shaded, rocky streamcourse and never more than a few feet from the waters’ edge. Young Eleutherodactylus vulcani were found here in similar numbers.

CONSERVATION STATUS:
IUCN Red List Status for Bufo cavifrons is currently listed as “Endangered” due to a highly fragmented and decreasing population, as well as continued habitat destruction within it’s small natural range.

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SONORA GREEN TOAD Bufo retiformis – Sanders & Smith 1951

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HABITAT: Man-made Oviposition site, 2,300′, Sonora-Arizona Border

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LITTLE MEXICAN TOAD Bufo kelloggi – Taylor 1936

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WESTERN GREEN TOAD Bufo debilis – Girard 1854 Bufo debilis insidior – Girard 1854

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HABITAT: Chihuahua Grassland Habitat, Cochise Co., Arizona

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HABITAT: View Over Cerro Baul Region, Habitat of Bufo tutelarius Ravine Seep Headwater Habitat, 3,000′, Oaxaca, Mexico

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